Benedikt, Moriz

Autor: Benedikt, Moriz
Rok: 1835-1920

Biogr./Hist. údaje: Narozen 4.6.1835 v Eisenstadtu (Rakousko), zemřel 14.4.1920 ve Vídni (Rakousko). Rakouský lékař, patholog, anatom, fyziolog, elektroterapeut, fyzik a profesor neurologie na Vídeňské univerzitě.
Zdroj: Autoritní databáze Národní knihovny ČR

Moritz Benedikt (4 July 1835, Eisenstadt, Sopron County – 14 April 1920, Vienna) was an Hungarian-Austrian neurologist who was a native of Eisenstadt. He was an instructor and professor of neurology at the University of Vienna. Benedikt was a physician with the Austrian army during the Second Italian War of Independence (1859) and the Austro-Prussian War.Benedikt was a specialist in the fields of electrotherapeutics and neuropathology. His name is lent to the eponymous "Benedikt's syndrome", a disease characterized by ipsilateral oculomotor paralysis with contralateral tremor and hemiparesis caused by a lesion involving the red nucleus and corticospinal tract in the midbrain tegmentum.Benedikt is remembered today for his controversial research in criminal anthropology. He performed numerous cephalometric studies, and postulated that there were specific differences between "normal" and "criminal brains". He explained his research on the subject in a book titled "Anatomical Studies upon the Brains of Criminals" (title of English translation).Benedikt is credited for coining the word "darsonvalisation" to describe therapeutic or experimental applications of high frequency. Darsonvalisation was named in honor of French biophysicist Jacques-Arsène d'Arsonval (1851–1940).