Marmon, Lee

Autor: Marmon, Lee
Rok: 1925-2021
Oblast působnosti: fotografové

Biogr./Hist. údaje: Americký fotograf.
Zdroj: Autoritní databáze Národní knihovny ČR

Lee H. Marmon (born 1925) is a Native American photographer and author. Born of mixed blood in New Mexico's Laguna Pueblo, he has become globally recognized for his prolific and distinguished black-and-white portraits of his tribal elders, who collectively comprised the tribe's last generation to live by their traditional ways and values. The passing of time has turned his collection of tens-of-thousands of photographic images — both portraits and landscapes — into a historical showcase of enduring value and significance.For decades, his works have appeared in galleries, books, and magazines, including The New York Times, The Saturday Evening Post, and Time. Marmon's works were also featured in the Peabody Award-winning PBS series, "Surviving Columbus". A collection of Marmon's best-known works are featured in his award-winning 2004 book, "The Pueblo Imagination", which he wrote in collaboration with poets Joy Harjo and Simon Ortiz, and his oldest daughter, novelist Leslie Marmon Silko.Lee Marmon was born into circumstances that made him uniquely positioned among beings to create this great visual tapestry. The thousands of photographs he has taken are the product of the rare confluence of Lee’s ethnic identity, generational positioning, artistic talent, technological vision, and his own cultural awareness.Marmon took his first photograph in 1936 at age 11, of a motor vehicle accident on the old U.S. Route 66 in Laguna. However, it was 11 years later when Marmon began to embrace photography on a professional level.Lee Marmon's photography career began as a youthful, creative pursuit in 1947, shortly after he returned home to New Mexico from his World War II tour of duty on remote Shemya Island in the far western Aleutians. His father, Henry Marmon, put a professional quality Speed Graphic camera in 22-year-old Lee's hands, and suggested that he take photographs of the tribal elders, "so we'll have something to remember them by." Photography lessons were scarce on the high desert in the 1940s but it was a practice that young Lee embraced with commitment and enthusiasm. While delivering groceries across the pueblo in his 1930 Model A, young Lee would come across the pueblo's elder members sunning themselves on the tribal plaza. Despite their lack of familiarity with a camera, most were happy to oblige Lee's requests for a pose.Marmon's most famous portrait is the iconic "White Man's Moccasins" (1954), which has become his signature photograph. In that image, tribal elder Jeff Sousea, the 85 year old caretaker of the Laguna mission, is sitting in the afternoon sun sporting a traditional headband, traditional beaded necklaces, and a well-worn pair of Keds brand high-top sneakers on his feet. This curious juxtaposition of both traditional tribal and western wear in "White Man's Moccasins" has come to symbolize the great cultural transition that Marmon's works documented on the pueblos in the mid 20th century, as ancient tribal traditions and practices gradually gave way to more modern, western-oriented practices.Marmon's varied and notable career has extended beyond photography. He ran the Laguna Trading Post with his father, Henry "Hank" Marmon, from 1949 to 1966. Lee Marmon served as the Laguna Postmaster from 1950 to 1956.From 1966 to 1982, Marmon lived and worked in southern California, where he served as the official photographer for the Bob Hope Desert Classic Golf Tournament from 1967 to 1973. He returned to live at Laguna Pueblo in 1982.In 1972, Marmon was commissioned by then President and Mrs. Richard Nixon for a White House photo collection of tribal pottery from New Mexico.In May and June 2006, a collection of Marmon's best-known images was on display at the Oliver Wendell Holmes Library on the campus of Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts.In June, 2006, Marmon was the recipient of the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Santa Fe-based Southwestern Association for Indian Arts for the "legacy of integrity" his works have inspired during the 59 years that Marmon has been practicing his craft.