Schorr, Richard Reinhard Emil

Autor: Schorr, Richard Reinhard Emil
Rok: 1867-1951

Biogr./Hist. údaje: Německý astronom, ředitel hvězdárny v Hamburku.
Zdroj: Autoritní databáze Národní knihovny ČR

Richard Reinhard Emil Schorr (20 August 1867, Kassel - 21 September 1951, Badgastein, Salzburg), was an astronomer. The lunar crater Schorr and the asteroid 1235 Schorria are named after him. From 1889 to 1891, Schorr worked as an assistant editor of Astronomische Nachrichten, at the observatory at Kiel. In 1892 Schorr became observer (observator) at the Hamburger Sternwarte (Hamburg Observatory) Schorr was the director of the Hamburger Sternwarte (Hamburg Observatory). The former director George Rümker had started the movement of the observatory to the outer parts of Hamburg but went serious ill and died in 1899. After Rümker's death Schorr became director. The building of Germany's second largest observatory in Hamburg-Bergedorf at that time became his task. The new observatory opened in 1912.Schorr's main interests had been star positions (astrometry), proper motion of stars and solar eclipse observations.Schorr initiated many catalog projects (most popular is the AGK2). From 1905 to 1928 Schorr organized 8 big expeditions to observe solar eclipses at different parts in the world. At 7 he took part himself.The observations for the AGK2 took place between 1913 and 1920. Several astronomers at Hamburg observatory took more than 1700 photographic plates. After measuring the plates Schorr and the Danish astronomer Holger Thiele used them too for searching and position determination of comets and asteroids. They discovered 30 new asteroids and one new comet, D/1918 W1 (Schorr), during this time.Under Schorr's directorship the optician Bernhard Schmidt got rooms and time to experiment with new optical assemblies. Schmidt constructed several new telescope constructions for the observatory. In 1930 Schmidt invented the Schmidt camera, a telescope with a very wide field of view and free from image elongations in the plate edges far from the optical axis. Schorr urged Schmidt to build the first Schmidt Camera at Bergedorf observatory.In the Nazi time Schorr had to resign the directorship due to his age. His first choice candidate as his follower was Walter Baade who refused because of better astronomical working conditions at Mt. Wilson and Palomar observatory which was under construction. Despite to the wishes of Nazi organisations Schorr could call Otto Heckmann as his follower in 1941.